Lupus symptoms

Overview

Systemic lupus is an autoimmune disease that can affect skin, joints, kidneys, blood, and CNS. It's more common in women of reproductive age.

Symptoms to watch for

• Fatigue
• Joint pain, often symmetric
• Butterfly (malar) rash across cheeks
• Sun-sensitive rashes
• Mouth ulcers
• Hair loss
• Raynaud's (fingers turning white/blue in cold)

How it's diagnosed

ANA screening (very sensitive), then anti-dsDNA, anti-Smith, complements. Rheumatology referral for diagnosis and management.

Treatment

Hydroxychloroquine is foundational. Steroids for flares. Immunosuppressants for organ involvement. Belimumab, anifrolumab for select cases.